Recent outbreaks of the chikungunya virus in various regions have raised significant global health concerns. The World Health Organization has issued warnings about the resurgence of this mosquito-borne illness, which is known for causing high fever, joint pain, and potential long-term disability. As of mid-2025, outbreaks have been reported in Indian Ocean islands such as La Reunion, Mayotte, and Mauritius, as well as parts of Africa, including Madagascar, Somalia, and Kenya. Notably, Europe has also seen both imported and local cases, with France reporting around 800 cases since May and 12 local transmission episodes in its southern regions. Italy has also recorded a local case.

In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is closely monitoring the situation. The CDC is considering issuing a travel notice for China due to a significant rise in chikungunya cases, particularly in the Guangdong Province, which has reported 4,824 cases as of July 26, 2025. Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral infection spread by Aedes species, with no specific treatment. The disease is mainly prevented through daytime mosquito bite precautions such as using insect repellent and wearing long-sleeved clothing. The CDC is currently evaluating the extent of the outbreak before making an official announcement.

The chikungunya virus is primarily transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Symptoms typically begin 3–7 days after an infected mosquito bite and include fever and joint pain. Other symptoms can include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. There is currently no specific antiviral treatment for chikungunya. Management focuses on relieving symptoms, such as using acetaminophen for pain and fever, and ensuring adequate hydration. Preventive measures include avoiding mosquito bites by using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and eliminating mosquito breeding sites.

In response to the growing threat, vaccine development has progressed. Valneva, a biotechnology company, received approval from the European Commission to market its chikungunya vaccine, Ixchiq, within the European Union in July 2024. This vaccine is intended for adults over 18 years old and aims to protect against the disease transmitted by tiger mosquitoes, whose presence in Europe has increased with climate change. The vaccine was also authorized in Canada and the United States. However, in May 2025, the FDA and CDC recommended pausing the use of Ixchiq in individuals aged 60 and older while investigating reports of serious adverse events.

The resurgence of chikungunya underscores the importance of global vigilance and preventive strategies. Health authorities worldwide are emphasizing the need for effective mosquito control programs, public education on protective measures, and ongoing research into vaccines and treatments. Individuals traveling to areas with known outbreaks are advised to take precautions to prevent mosquito bites and stay informed about the latest health advisories.